108 Names of Lord Krishna in Sanskrit With Meanings

30 Aug 2026

Lord Krishna — the divine flute-player, the charioteer of Arjuna, the butter-stealing child of Vrindavan — is one of the most beloved deities in the Hindu tradition. Described in the Bhagavad Gita as the Supreme Being and revered as the Purna Avatar (complete incarnation) of Lord Vishnu, Krishna is worshipped across the world by millions of devoted seekers.

One of the most profound expressions of devotion to Krishna is the remembrance of His many names. Each name is not merely a label — it is a doorway into a specific quality, a divine pastime, or a cosmic truth that Krishna embodies. The 108 names of Lord Krishna in Sanskrit, known as the Krishna Ashtottara Shatanamavali, are drawn from ancient scriptures and have been chanted by saints, sages, and devotees for thousands of years.

In this guide, you will find the complete list of 108 names of Lord Krishna in Sanskrit with their English transliterations, meanings, and spiritual significance — along with context for how and when to chant them.

What Are the 108 Names of Lord Krishna?

The 108 names of Lord Krishna offer a beautiful reflection of His divine qualities, unique attributes, and the many stories and aspects associated with His life. Some names speak of His cosmic role — Paramatma (the Supreme Soul) or Vishwatma (Soul of the Universe). Others recall His childhood pastimes in Vrindavan — Navaneetha-chor (Thief of Butter) or Murali (the flute-playing Lord). Still others reflect His relationship with devotees — Janardana (Granter of devotees' prayers) or Dayalu (Repository of compassion).

These 108 names are collectively called the Ashtottara Shatanamavali — "ashta" meaning eight, "uttara" meaning beyond, and "shata" meaning hundred. Together they form a complete portrait of who Krishna is: protector, liberator, teacher, friend, and the all-attractive Supreme Person.

Why Are There 108 Names of Lord Krishna?

The number 108 holds deep significance in Hindu spiritual philosophy. Here are a few of the reasons it is considered sacred:

Cosmic mathematics: The distance between the Earth and the Sun is approximately 108 times the Sun's diameter. The Moon is located at a distance from Earth that is roughly 108 times its own diameter. This numerical pattern appears woven into the fabric of the cosmos.
Sanskrit alphabet: There are 54 letters in the Sanskrit alphabet, each with a masculine (Shiva) and feminine (Shakti) aspect — totalling 108.
Japa malas: Traditional prayer beads used in Hindu and Buddhist practice contain 108 beads, allowing a devotee to count 108 repetitions of a mantra.
Upanishads: There are 108 Upanishads in Vedic literature.
Nadi and marma: Ancient Ayurvedic and yogic texts describe 108 energy channels (nadis) converging at the heart center, and 108 marma (vital energy) points in the body.

Chanting the 108 names of Lord Krishna is therefore understood in tradition not as a random number, but as an act of aligning oneself with the deeper cosmic order.

108 Names of Lord Krishna in Sanskrit With Meanings

Below is the complete, traditional list of the 108 names of Lord Krishna — presented with their Sanskrit name, English transliteration, and meaning.

No.	Sanskrit	Transliteration	Easy Pronunciation	English Meaning
1	अचल	Acalāya	A-cha-laa-ya	The firm, immovable one
2	अच्युत	Acyutāya	A-chyu-taa-ya	The infallible, never-falling one
3	अद्भुतः	Adbhutāya	Ad-bhu-taa-ya	The wonderful, marvellous one
4	आदिदेव	Ādidevāya	Aa-di-de-vaa-ya	The primal Lord of all lords
5	आदित्य	Ādityāya	Aa-di-tyaa-ya	Son of Aditi
6	अजन्म	Ajanmāya	A-jan-maa-ya	The unborn, beginningless one
7	अजय	Ajayāya	A-ja-yaa-ya	The unconquerable one
8	अक्षर	Akṣarāya	Ak-sha-raa-ya	The indestructible, imperishable one
9	अमृत	Amṛtāya	A-mri-taa-ya	The heavenly nectar of immortality
10	आनन्दसागर	Ānandasāgarāya	Aa-nan-da-saa-ga-raa-ya	The ocean of divine bliss
11	अनन्त	Anantāya	A-nan-taa-ya	The endless, infinite one
12	अनन्तजीत	Anantajitāya	A-nan-ta-ji-taa-ya	The ever-victorious, eternally triumphant one
13	अनन्य	Ananyāya	A-nan-yaa-ya	One who has no equal or superior
14	अनिरुद्ध	Aniruddhāya	A-ni-rud-dhaa-ya	The unstoppable, unobstructable one
15	अपराजित	Aparājitāya	A-pa-raa-ji-taa-ya	One who can never be defeated
16	अव्युक्त	Avyuktāya	A-vyuk-taa-ya	The perfectly clear, manifest one
17	बालगोपाल	Bālagopālāya	Baa-la-go-paa-laa-ya	The divine child form of Krishna
18	बालकृष्ण	Bālakṛṣṇāya	Baa-la-krish-naa-ya	Baby Krishna
19	चतुर्भुज	Caturbhujāya	Cha-tur-bhu-jaa-ya	The four-armed Lord
20	दानवेन्द्र	Dānavendrāya	Daa-na-ven-draa-ya	The giver of divine boons
21	दयालु	Dayālave	Da-yaa-la-ve	The repository of infinite compassion
22	दयानिधि	Dayānidhaye	Da-yaa-ni-dha-ye	The treasure-house of mercy
23	देवाधिदेव	Devādidevāya	De-vaa-di-de-vaa-ya	The God of all gods
24	देवकीनन्दन	Devakīnandanāya	De-va-kee-nan-da-naa-ya	The beloved son of Devaki
25	देवेश	Deveśāya	De-ve-shaa-ya	The sovereign Lord of all lords
26	धर्माध्यक्ष	Dharmādhyakṣāya	Dhar-maa-dhya-kshaa-ya	The presiding lord of Dharma
27	द्रविण	Draviṇāya	Dra-vi-naa-ya	The one without enemies
28	द्वारकापति	Dvārakāpataye	Dvaa-ra-kaa-pa-ta-ye	The Lord of Dwarka
29	गोपाल	Gopālāya	Go-paa-laa-ya	The protector and tender of cows
30	गोपालप्रिय	Gopālapriyāya	Go-paa-la-pri-yaa-ya	The beloved of the cowherds
31	गोविन्द	Govindāya	Go-vin-daa-ya	Giver of joy to cows; knower of the senses
32	ज्ञानेश्वर	Jñāneśvarāya	Gyaa-nesh-va-raa-ya	The Lord of supreme knowledge
33	हरि	Haraye	Ha-ra-ye	The remover of all sorrow; Lord of nature
34	हिरण्यगर्भ	Hiraṇyagarbhāya	Hi-ran-ya-gar-bhaa-ya	The all-powerful, golden-wombed creator
35	हृषीकेश	Hṛṣīkeśāya	Hri-shee-kay-shaa-ya	The master of all the senses
36	जगद्गुरु	Jagadgurave	Ja-gad-gu-ra-ve	Preceptor and teacher of the entire universe
37	जगदीश	Jagadīśāya	Ja-ga-dee-shaa-ya	The protector of all worlds
38	जगन्नाथ	Jagannāthāya	Ja-gan-naa-thaa-ya	The Lord of the universe
39	जनार्दन	Janārdanāya	Ja-naar-da-naa-ya	Granter of devotees' prayers; destroyer of enemies
40	जयन्तः	Jayantāya	Ja-yan-taa-ya	The ever-victorious Lord
41	ज्योतिरादित्य	Jyotirādityāya	Jyo-ti-raa-di-tyaa-ya	The effulgence and brilliance of the sun
42	कमलनाथ	Kamalānāthāya	Ka-ma-laa-naa-thaa-ya	The Lord of Goddess Lakshmi
43	कमलनयन	Kamalanayanāya	Ka-ma-la-na-ya-naa-ya	The lotus-eyed one
44	कंसान्तक	Kaṃsāntakāya	Kam-saan-ta-kaa-ya	The slayer of the demon Kamsa
45	कञ्जलोचन	Kañjalocanāya	Kan-ja-lo-cha-naa-ya	One with eyes as beautiful as the lotus
46	केशव	Keśavāya	Kay-sha-vaa-ya	Slayer of Keshi; the one with glorious long hair
47	कृष्ण	Kṛṣṇāya	Krish-naa-ya	The all-attractive, dark-complexioned one
48	लक्ष्मीकान्त	Lakṣmīkāntāya	Lak-shmee-kaan-taa-ya	The beloved consort of Goddess Lakshmi
49	लोकाध्यक्ष	Lokādhyakṣāya	Lo-kaa-dhya-kshaa-ya	The overseer and Lord of all worlds
50	मदन	Madanāya	Ma-da-naa-ya	The Lord of divine love
51	माधव	Mādhavāya	Maa-dha-vaa-ya	The husband of Lakshmi; born of the Madhu clan
52	मधुसूदन	Madhusūdanāya	Ma-dhu-soo-da-naa-ya	The slayer of the demon Madhu
53	महेन्द्र	Mahendrāya	Ma-hen-draa-ya	The supreme Lord over Indra
54	मनमोहन	Manamohanāya	Ma-na-mo-ha-naa-ya	The one who captivates the mind
55	मनोहर	Manoharāya	Ma-no-ha-raa-ya	The enchanter of the heart
56	मयूर	Mayūrāya	Ma-yoo-raa-ya	The Lord adorned with peacock feathers
57	मोहन	Mohanāya	Mo-ha-naa-ya	The all-attracting, enchanting one
58	मुरली	Muralaye	Mu-ra-la-ye	The divine flute-playing Lord
59	मुरलीधर	Muralīdharāya	Mu-ra-lee-dha-raa-ya	The one who holds the flute
60	मुरलीमनोहर	Muralīmanoharāya	Mu-ra-lee-ma-no-ha-raa-ya	The one who enchants the mind with flute music
61	नन्दगोपाल	Nandagopālāya	Nan-da-go-paa-laa-ya	The beloved son of Nanda
62	नन्दकुमार	Nandakumārāya	Nan-da-ku-maa-raa-ya	The son of Nanda Maharaj
63	नारायण	Nārāyaṇāya	Naa-raa-ya-naa-ya	The refuge and shelter of all beings
64	नवनीतचोर	Navanītacorāya	Na-va-nee-ta-cho-raa-ya	The charming thief of butter
65	निरञ्जन	Nirañjanāya	Ni-ran-ja-naa-ya	The unblemished, perfectly pure one
66	निर्गुण	Nirguṇāya	Nir-gu-naa-ya	The one who transcends all material qualities
67	पद्महस्त	Padmahastāya	Pad-ma-has-taa-ya	The one whose hands are as beautiful as lotus flowers
68	पद्मनाभ	Padmanābhāya	Pad-ma-naa-bhaa-ya	The one with a lotus-shaped navel
69	परब्रह्मन	Parabrahmaṇe	Pa-ra-brah-ma-ne	The supreme absolute truth
70	परमात्मा	Paramātmane	Pa-ra-maat-ma-ne	The Supreme Soul of all creation
71	परम-पुरुष	Paramapuruṣāya	Pa-ra-ma-pu-ru-shaa-ya	The highest and greatest person
72	पार्थसारथी	Pārthasārathaye	Paar-tha-saa-ra-tha-ye	The charioteer of Arjuna (Partha) in the Gita
73	प्रजापति	Prajāpataye	Pra-jaa-pa-ta-ye	The Lord and protector of all beings
74	पुण्यः	Puṇyāya	Pun-yaa-ya	The supremely pure one
75	पुरुषोत्तम	Puruṣottamāya	Pu-ru-shot-ta-maa-ya	The best and most exalted of all persons
76	रविलोचन	Ravilocanāya	Ra-vi-lo-cha-naa-ya	The one whose eyes are the sun itself
77	सहस्राकाश	Sahasrākāśāya	Sa-has-raa-kaa-shaa-ya	The thousand-eyed omniscient one
78	सहस्रजीत	Sahasrajitāya	Sa-has-ra-ji-taa-ya	The one who vanquishes thousands
79	साक्षी	Sākṣiṇe	Saak-shi-ne	The eternal witness of all actions
80	सनातन	Sanātanāya	Sa-naa-ta-naa-ya	The eternal, ever-existing one
81	सर्वज्ञ	Sarvajñāya	Sar-va-gyaa-ya	The omniscient, all-knowing one
82	सर्वपालक	Sarvapālakāya	Sar-va-paa-la-kaa-ya	The sustainer and maintainer of all
83	सर्वेश्वर	Sarveśvarāya	Sar-ve-shva-raa-ya	The Lord and master of everything
84	सत्यवचन	Satyavacanāya	Sat-ya-va-cha-naa-ya	The one who always speaks truth
85	सत्यव्रत	Satyavratāya	Sat-ya-vra-taa-ya	The one devoted completely to truth
86	शान्त	Śāntāya	Shaan-taa-ya	The supremely peaceful, serene one
87	श्रेष्ठ	Śreṣṭhāya	Shresh-thaa-ya	The most exalted, the highest one
88	श्रीकान्त	Śrīkāntāya	Shree-kaan-taa-ya	The most beautiful, radiant one
89	श्याम	Śyāmāya	Shyaa-maa-ya	The dark-complexioned, cloud-hued one
90	श्यामसुन्दर	Śyāmasundarāya	Shyaa-ma-sun-da-raa-ya	The dark and supremely beautiful one
91	सुमेधा	Sumedhāya	Su-may-dhaa-ya	The supremely intelligent one
92	सुरेशम	Sureśāya	Su-ray-shaa-ya	The Lord of all the demigods
93	स्वर्गपति	Svargapataye	Svar-ga-pa-ta-ye	The Lord of the heavenly realms
94	त्रिविक्रम	Trivikramāya	Tri-vi-kra-maa-ya	The conqueror of the three worlds
95	उपेन्द्र	Upendrāya	U-pen-draa-ya	The younger brother of Indra
96	वैकुण्ठनाथ	Vaikuṇṭhanāthāya	Vai-kun-tha-naa-thaa-ya	The Lord of Vaikuntha, the spiritual world
97	वार्ष्णेय	Vārṣṇeyāya	Vaar-shne-yaa-ya	The descendant of the Vrishni dynasty
98	वासुदेव	Vāsudevāya	Vaa-su-de-vaa-ya	The son of Vasudeva; the all-pervading one
99	विष्णु	Viṣṇave	Vish-na-ve	The all-pervading supreme Lord
100	विश्वदक्षिण	Viśvadakṣiṇāya	Vish-va-dak-shi-naa-ya	The most skilled and capable one
101	विश्वकर्म	Viśvakarmāya	Vish-va-kar-maa-ya	The creator of the entire universe
102	विश्वमूर्ते	Viśvamūrtaye	Vish-va-moor-ta-ye	The one whose form is the entire universe
103	विश्वरूप	Viśvarūpāya	Vish-va-roo-paa-ya	The one who is identical to the universe
104	विश्वात्मा	Viśvātmane	Vish-vaat-ma-ne	The soul of the entire universe
105	वृषपर्व	Vṛṣaparvāya	Vri-sha-par-vaa-ya	The Lord and upholder of Dharma
106	यादव	Yādavāya	Yaa-da-vaa-ya	The noble descendant of the Yadu dynasty
107	यादवेन्द्र	Yādavendrāya	Yaa-da-ven-draa-ya	The king of the Yadava clan
108	योगिनांपति	Yogināṃpataye	Yo-gi-naam-pa-ta-ye	The supreme Lord of all the yogis

Most Popular Names of Lord Krishna and Their Meanings

While all 108 names are equally sacred in tradition, certain names have become especially beloved among devotees. Here is a closer look at some of the most widely chanted:

Krishna (कृष्ण) — The most fundamental name. It comes from the Sanskrit root karsh, meaning "to attract." Krishna is the all-attractive one — He who draws all living beings toward Him through love.

Govinda (गोविन्द) — A name of great tenderness. Go refers to cows, the earth, and also the senses. Govinda is the one who gives pleasure to the cows, brings joy to the earth, and awakens the inner senses to divine reality.

Gopala (गोपाल) — The protector of cows. In the pastoral world of Vrindavan where Krishna spent His childhood, cows were sacred. Gopala is Krishna the young cowherd — gentle, playful, and protective.

Madhava (माधव) — Husband of Laxmi, and also "one born of the spring season." This name evokes sweetness and abundance. It suggests Krishna as the source of all prosperity and beauty.

Damodara (दामोदर) — Literally "bound at the belly." This name comes from the beloved story of Mother Yashoda tying young Krishna to a mortar with a rope, humbled by His mischief. It shows that God can be bound by pure love.

Keshava (केशव) — The one with beautiful, flowing hair; also the slayer of the demon Keshi. This name reflects both Krishna's divine beauty and His protective nature.

Mukunda (मुकुन्द) — The giver of liberation (mukti). Chanting this name is associated in tradition with the aspiration for spiritual freedom.

Madhusudana (मधुसूदन) — Slayer of the demon Madhu. This name speaks to Krishna as the destroyer of inner darkness and negativity.

Giridhari (गिरिधारी) — The one who lifted Mount Govardhan. One of the most iconic episodes in Krishna's story, where He lifted an entire mountain on His finger to shelter the people of Vrindavan from a storm.

Shyamsundar (श्यामसुन्दर) — The dark and beautiful one. This name captures the paradox of Krishna's appearance — His dark complexion is described as more beautiful than anything in the created world.

Meaning and Spiritual Significance of Krishna's Names

In the Bhagavata Purana and Vishnu Purana, the names of God are said to carry the same power as God Himself. This understanding — that the divine name is non-different from the divine person — is central to bhakti (devotional) practice.

Each name of Krishna reflects one of His infinite qualities:

Divine love and compassion — Names like Dayalu, Dayanidhi, and Dayasagara reveal Krishna as an ocean of mercy, accessible to all who call upon Him sincerely.
Protection and care — Names like Gopala, Jagadisha, and Sarvapalaka express His constant watchfulness over all of creation.
Wisdom and truth — Gyaneshwar, Satyavachana, and Satyavrata show Krishna as the embodiment of eternal truth and spiritual wisdom.
Joy and beauty — Govinda, Shyamsundar, Manmohan, and Manohar describe the boundless beauty and bliss that radiate from His divine form.
Liberation and surrender — Mukunda, Vaikunthanath, and Yoginampati speak to Krishna as the ultimate destination of the soul.

These qualities are not separate — they flow together in the complete vision of who Krishna is: the Supreme Being who loves, protects, teaches, and liberates all who seek Him.

Benefits of Chanting the 108 Names of Lord Krishna

Across generations of devotional practice, chanting Krishna's names has been described as having the following traditional benefits:

Deepening devotion — Regular chanting creates an atmosphere of remembrance and love for Krishna, which is the heart of bhakti practice.
Supporting meditation and concentration — Focusing the mind on each name and its meaning draws the attention inward, supporting a more meditative state.
Creating inner peace — The vibrational quality of Sanskrit mantras is traditionally understood to soothe the mind and create a sense of calm.
Encouraging self-reflection — Each name offers an invitation to reflect on the quality it describes — compassion, truth, surrender — and cultivate that quality in one's own life.
Strengthening spiritual practice — For those on a devotional path, chanting the Ashtottara Shatanamavali can become a meaningful anchor in daily spiritual life.

How to Chant the 108 Names of Lord Krishna

Step 1 — Choose a Quiet Place

Find a calm, clean space where you will not be disturbed. Many devotees use a small home altar with an image or statue of Krishna.

Step 2 — Sit Comfortably

Sit in a comfortable position — on a cushion, a mat, or a chair — with your spine naturally upright. There is no requirement to sit in a specific yoga posture.

Step 3 — Set Your Intention

Before beginning, take a few quiet breaths and set a sincere intention. This might be gratitude, a request for guidance, or simply the desire to remember Krishna with love.

Step 4 — Chant Each Name Mindfully

Chant each name at a pace that allows you to hear it, feel it, and reflect on its meaning. You may chant aloud, in a whisper, or silently. A traditional japa mala (prayer beads) with 108 beads can help you count.

Step 5 — Reflect on the Meaning

After completing the 108 names, sit quietly for a few moments. Let the practice settle. This period of reflection after chanting is often where the deepest sense of peace arises.

What Is the Best Time to Chant Krishna's Names?

Traditional texts suggest that Brahma muhurta — the pre-dawn period approximately 90 minutes before sunrise — is especially auspicious for spiritual practice. The atmosphere is quiet, the mind is clear, and the energy of the day has not yet created distraction.

Other meaningful times include:

Morning prayer — Offering Krishna's names as the first act of the day sets a devotional tone.
Evening practice — Chanting at dusk is associated with the transition between activity and rest, a natural time for reflection.
Janmashtami and other festivals — The birth anniversary of Lord Krishna and other sacred occasions carry traditional significance for chanting His names.
During meditation — The 108 names can serve as the content of a meditation session, with each name as a focal point.

There is no single universally required time. What matters most in the devotional tradition is sincerity and consistency — the quality of attention you bring to the practice.

How to Pronounce Krishna's Sanskrit Names

Sanskrit is a phonetically precise language, and many of the names of Lord Krishna carry subtle beauty when pronounced correctly. Here is a guide to some of the key names:

Sanskrit	Transliteration	Pronunciation Guide
कृष्ण	Krishna	Krish-na (roll the 'r' slightly)
गोविन्द	Govinda	Go-vin-da
गोपाल	Gopala	Go-paa-la
माधव	Madhava	Maa-dha-va
हृषीकेश	Hrishikesha	Hri-shi-ke-sha
जनार्दन	Janardana	Ja-nar-da-na
मधुसूदन	Madhusudana	Ma-dhu-soo-da-na
वासुदेव	Vasudeva	Vaa-su-de-va
पुरुषोत्तम	Purushottama	Pu-ru-shot-ta-ma
योगिनांपति	Yoginampati	Yo-gi-naam-pa-ti

Note: In Sanskrit, long vowels (aa, ii, uu) are held slightly longer than short vowels. The letters 'sh' and 's' are distinct sounds. Chanting slowly and listening carefully will naturally develop proper pronunciation over time.

Are the 108 Names of Krishna the Same as the Hare Krishna Mantra?

These are two distinct but related practices. The 108 names (Ashtottara Shatanamavali) are a structured liturgical collection of epithets, each describing a specific quality or aspect of Krishna. Chanting them is a form of devotional prayer and remembrance.

The Hare Krishna Mahamantra — Hare Krishna Hare Krishna Krishna Krishna Hare Hare / Hare Rama Hare Rama Rama Rama Hare Hare — is a different form of practice. It is a 16-name mantra considered in the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition to be especially potent for the current age. It can be chanted on a japa mala, sung as kirtan, or offered as congregational chanting.

Both practices are forms of nama-smaran (remembrance of the divine name) and are considered deeply valuable in the bhakti tradition.

Which Name of Krishna Should You Chant?

There is no single "best" name of Krishna — each name reflects a different facet of His divine nature, and different names may resonate more deeply with different devotees depending on their nature and relationship with Krishna.

Some traditional connections:

Govinda — For those drawn to Krishna as the source of joy and abundance
Gopala — For those who relate to Krishna's gentle, protective nature
Damodara — For those who feel moved by the story of Krishna's childhood and the love of Mother Yashoda
Madhusudana — For those seeking help in overcoming inner darkness or obstacles
Mukunda — For those with the aspiration for spiritual liberation
Giridhari — For those who seek shelter and protection in difficult times
Parthasarathi — For those drawn to the Bhagavad Gita and Krishna as teacher and guide

The most important quality is sincerity — bhava (spiritual feeling) — in the chanting, rather than the specific name chosen.

Continue Your Spiritual Journey

Exploring the 108 names of Lord Krishna is more than an academic exercise — it can become a living, breathing part of a personal spiritual practice. Each name is an invitation to reflect on a different quality of the divine and to bring that quality into your own life: the compassion of Dayalu, the beauty of Shyamsundar, the wisdom of Gyaneshwar, the peace of Shantah.

Whether you are new to bhakti practice or deepening an existing devotional path, chanting Krishna's names offers a time-honoured way to nurture inner stillness, cultivate love, and maintain a thread of spiritual remembrance through the texture of everyday life. Explore more meditation, mindfulness, and spiritual resources at NirvanaYoga School to continue your journey.

Frequently Asked Questions

The number 108 is considered sacred in Hindu tradition for its connections to cosmic mathematics, Sanskrit phonology, yogic philosophy, and Vedic literature. The 108 names together form a complete portrait of Krishna's infinite divine nature.

The most widely recognised Sanskrit name is कृष्ण (Krishna), meaning "the all-attractive one." Other commonly known Sanskrit names include गोविन्द (Govinda), गोपाल (Gopala), माधव (Madhava), and केशव (Keshava).

All 108 names are traditionally considered equally sacred. The name that resonates most personally with the devotee — the one that draws the heart — is often considered the most meaningful for individual practice.

Govinda (गोविन्द) means "one who gives pleasure to the cows, the earth, and the senses." It is one of the most beloved names of Krishna, associated with His pastoral life in Vrindavan and His role as the bringer of divine joy.

Yes, daily chanting is considered a meaningful devotional practice. Many devotees incorporate it into their morning or evening prayer. Consistency and sincerity are more important than any specific ritual requirement.